Interviews
Unpublished interviews
Unpublished interviews are typically cited in the text or in notes, and not in the bibliography, because they are not retrievable by your reader.
General Format:
2. Interviewee, interviewed by Interviewer, Date.
For Example:
2. Sara Smith, interviewed by John Jones, February 1, 2024.
Shortened Note:
5. Smith, interview.
Unattributed Interviews
An unattributed interview is an interview with a person who prefers to remain anonymous, or whose name the author does not wish to reveal. These interviews are also typically cited only in the text or in a note, and not in the bibliography.
General Format:
2. Interview with identifier (e.g. health-care worker), Date.
For Example:
2. Interview with political science student, September 29, 2016.
Shortened Note:
5. Interview with political science student.
See note ¹
Published or Broadcast Interviews
General Format:
3. IntervieweeFirstName IntervieweeLastName, "Title of Interview," interview by InterviewerFirstName InterviewerLastName, Source, Date, URL or page(s).
For Example:
3. Angula, Nahas, "The Pan-African Institute for the Study of African Society: an interview with Nahas Angula," interview by Itibari M. Zulu, Journal of Pan African Studies 10, no. 1 (March 2017): 279, EBSCOhost.
OR
4. Bruce Springsteen, "Watch: Bruce Springsteen, our complete interview," interview by Jeffrey Brown, PBS NewsHour, December 20, 2016, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/watch-bruce-springsteen-complete-interview.
Shortened Note:
6. Springsteen, interview.
Corresponding Bibliography Entry:
Springsteen, Bruce. "Watch: Bruce Springsteen, our complete interview." Interview by Jeffrey Brown. PBS NewsHour, December 20, 2016. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/watch-bruce-springsteen-complete-interview.
See notes ², ³
¹ A bibliography entry is not needed. See 14.109: Unattributed interviews This link opens in a new window for more information.
² For more information on interviews, see the Interviews and Personal Communications This link opens in a new window section of the CMOS.
³ The Citation Quick Guide section on Interviews This link opens in a new window used this format of shortened citations.
